tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8510131075474572122024-03-20T06:35:35.154-07:00fuerzas electromagneticasfuerzasfisicashttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09185406410571967234noreply@blogger.comBlogger1125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-851013107547457212.post-60851505391933189532011-04-18T07:48:00.000-07:002011-04-25T18:12:15.406-07:00ondas elegtomagnetica<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif; line-height: 21px;"></span><br />
<h1 style="background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; color: black; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: -0.02em; line-height: 1em; margin: 0px; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 42px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 63px; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline; word-spacing: -2px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #f3f3f3; font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif; line-height: 21px;">Rayos gamma</span> <img height="280" id="il_fi" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgxnvI7ApV4o2jv5ODBapLuunpqoeiybo6p7G80vM3msvHjAn-vNQyW_-Cs8TFQulnScHyTkV6O2KuNbodHEOmHRSIjTLgzA-xGyVCpQvyXP4vAUFRCM_xjYngJn98JUOgFYKtIOtlWJIjt/s1600/magnetar-1.jpg" style="padding-bottom: 8px; padding-right: 8px; padding-top: 8px;" width="350" /></h1><div style="background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 21px; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif; line-height: 21px;"><span style="color: yellow;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">La </span><span style="background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><strong style="background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; font-weight: bold; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">radiación gamma</strong></span><span style="background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> y/o </span><span style="background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><strong style="background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; font-weight: bold; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">rayos gamma</strong></span><span style="background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> es un tipo de radiación<a href="http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiaci%C3%B3n_electromagn%C3%A9tica" rel="nofollow" style="background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" target="_blank"></a>electromagnética, y por tanto formada por fotones, producida generalmente por elementos radioactivos o procesos subatómicos como la aniquilación de un par positrón-electrón. Este tipo de radiación de tal magnitud también es producida en fenómenos astrofísicos de gran violencia.</span></span></span></span></div><div style="background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 21px; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: #444444; font-size: large;"></span></div><div style="background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 21px; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif; line-height: 21px;"><span style="background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: red;"><span style="font-size: large;">El telescopio de <strong style="background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; font-weight: bold; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">rayos gamma</strong></span></span></span></span></div><div style="background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 21px; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #444444;"></span> </span></div><span style="color: yellow;"></span> <img height="320" id="il_fi" src="http://www.astromia.com/fotohistoria/fotos/hess.jpg" style="padding-bottom: 8px; padding-right: 8px; padding-top: 8px;" width="306" /><br />
<span style="color: yellow;"></span> <span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #444444;"></span> </span><br />
<div style="background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 0cm; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;"><div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif; line-height: 21px;"><span style="background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; color: yellow; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Para protegerse de los rayos gamma se requiere gran cantidad de masa.</span></span></div></div><div style="background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-origin: initial; border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 0cm; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;"></div><div style="background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 0cm; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></div><div style="background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 0cm; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif; line-height: 21px;"></span></div><br />
<div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none;"><div style="background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 0cm; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif; line-height: 21px;"><span style="background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; color: yellow; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Cuando un rayo gamma pasa a través de la materia, la probabilidad de absorción en una capa fina es proporcional a la delgadez de dicha capa, lo que lleva a un decrecimiento exponencial de la intensidad.</span></span></div><div style="background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 0cm; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif; line-height: 21px;"><span style="background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br />
<span style="color: #444444; font-size: large;"></span></span></span></span></div><div style="background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 0cm; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif; line-height: 21px;"><span style="background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: #444444;"><span style="font-size: large;"><strong style="background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; font-weight: bold; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: red;">rayos gamma</span></strong>.</span></span></span></span></div><div style="background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 21px; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif; line-height: 21px;"><span style="background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; color: yellow; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">La potencia de los rayos gamma los hace útiles en la esterilización de equipamiento médico. Se suelen utilizar para matar bacterias e insectos en productos alimentarios tales como carne, setas, huevos y vegetales, con el fin de mantener su frescura.</span></span></div><div style="background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 21px; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif; line-height: 21px;"><span style="background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><br />
<span style="color: #444444; font-size: large;"></span></span></span></div><div style="background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 21px; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif; line-height: 21px;"><span style="background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: red;"><span style="font-size: large;">Un estallido de <strong style="background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; font-weight: bold; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">rayos gamma</strong></span></span></span></span></div><div style="background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 21px; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif; line-height: 21px;"><span style="background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; color: #444444; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: yellow;">Debido a la capacidad de penetrar en los tejidos, los rayos gamma o los rayos X tienen un amplio espectro de usos médicos, como la realización de tomografías y radioterapias. Sin embargo, como forma de radiación ionizante, tienen la habilidad de provocar cambios moleculares, pudiendo tener efectos cancerígenos si el ADN es afectado</span>.</span></span></span></div><div style="background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 21px; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif; line-height: 21px;"><span style="background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; color: #444444; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="" height="400" src="http://www.freewebs.com/segrond/rayos%20gamma.jpg" style="background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" width="400" /></span></span></div><div style="background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 21px; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif; line-height: 21px;"><span style="background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: cyan;"><span style="font-size: large;">Explosión de <strong style="background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; font-weight: bold; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">rayos gamma</strong></span></span></span></span></div><div style="background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 21px; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif; line-height: 21px;"><span style="background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; color: #444444; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: yellow;">A pesar de las propiedades cancerígenas, los rayos gamma también se utilizan para el tratamiento de ciertos tipos de cáncer. En el procedimiento llamado cirugía gamma-knife, múltiples rayos concentrados de rayos gamma son dirigidos hacia células cancerosas. Los rayos son emitidos desde distintos ángulos para focalizar la radiación en el tumor a la vez que se minimiza el daño a los tejidos de alrededor</span>.</span></span></span></div><div style="background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 21px; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif; line-height: 21px;"><span style="background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; color: #444444; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="" height="284" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjW1MULrD3Zafkg8LP5iChtgfmI4h5sChVhRg4_XmciWgqEsaZ-_zVUybX3KHN0xg4dMr9NjUaIH0flbUjCAnI1xQf78cmEe8rVdXP1QizWRtHobAq6NFF1aM6uQWKGXAeYAHbiAB7zGgPc/s400/fermigrop_pulsarmodel_HI.jpg" style="background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" width="400" /></span></span></div><div style="background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 21px; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif; line-height: 21px;"><span style="background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; color: red; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><strong style="background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; font-weight: bold; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">rayos gamma</strong></span></span></div><div style="background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 21px; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif; line-height: 21px;"><span style="background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; color: yellow; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Los rayos gamma también se utilizan en la medicina nuclear para realizar diagnósticos. Se utilizan muchos radioisótopos que emiten rayos gamma. Uno de ellos es el tecnecio-99m. Cuando se le administra a un paciente, una cámara gamma puede utilizar la radiación gamma emitida para obtener una imagen de la distribución del radioisótopo. Esta técnica se emplea en la diagnosis de un amplio espectro de enfermedades, por ejemplo, en la detección del cáncer de huesos.</span></span></div><div style="background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; color: #333333; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 21px; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif; line-height: 21px;"><span style="background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><br />
<span style="color: #444444; font-size: large;"></span></span></span></div><div style="background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; color: #333333; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 21px; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif; line-height: 21px;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><b><br />
<span style="color: #444444; font-size: large;"></span></b></span></span></div><div style="background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; color: #333333; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 21px; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif; line-height: 21px;"><span style="background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; color: #444444; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="" height="276" src="http://www.nasa.gov/images/content/133208main_gamma_h_star_history_final.jpg" style="background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" width="400" /></span></span></div></div><div style="background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; color: #333333; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 21px; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif; line-height: 21px;"><span style="color: cyan;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><strong style="background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; font-weight: bold; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">rayos gamma</strong></span><span style="background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> en los límites</span></span></span></span></div><div class="separator" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="color: blue; font-size: x-large;"><strong>rayos gamma</strong></span></div><div class="separator" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; clear: both; text-align: center;"><br />
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</div><div class="separator" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; clear: both; text-align: center;"><iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='320' height='266' src='https://www.youtube.com/embed/zLOdcQ97Xbw?feature=player_embedded' frameborder='0'></iframe></div></div><div style="background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-origin: initial; border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 0cm; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><br />
</div><span class="mw-headline" id="Utilizaci.C3.B3n"><span style="color: red; font-size: x-large;"><strong>Utilización</strong></span></span><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;">La potencia de los rayos gamma los hace útiles en la </span><a href="http://www.blogger.com/wiki/Esterilizaci%C3%B3n_(microbiolog%C3%ADa)" title="Esterilización (microbiología)"><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;">esterilización</span></a><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;"> de equipamiento </span><a href="http://www.blogger.com/wiki/Medicina" title="Medicina"><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;">médico</span></a><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;">. Se suelen utilizar para matar </span><a href="http://www.blogger.com/wiki/Bacteria" title="Bacteria"><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;">bacterias</span></a><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;"> e </span><a class="mw-redirect" href="http://www.blogger.com/wiki/Insecto" title="Insecto"><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;">insectos</span></a><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;"> en productos </span><a href="http://www.blogger.com/wiki/Alimento" title="Alimento"><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;">alimentarios</span></a><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;"> tales como </span><a href="http://www.blogger.com/wiki/Carne"><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;">carne</span></a><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;">, </span><a href="http://www.blogger.com/wiki/Seta" title="Seta"><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;">setas</span></a><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;">, </span><a href="http://www.blogger.com/wiki/Huevo" title="Huevo"><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;">huevos</span></a><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;"> y </span><a href="http://www.blogger.com/wiki/Verdura" title="Verdura"><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;">verduras</span></a><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;">, con el fin de mantener su frescura.</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;">Debido a la capacidad de penetrar en los </span><a href="http://www.blogger.com/wiki/Tejido" title="Tejido"><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;">tejidos</span></a><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;">, los rayos gamma o los rayos X tienen un amplio espectro de </span><a href="http://www.blogger.com/wiki/Medicina_nuclear" title="Medicina nuclear"><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;">usos médicos</span></a><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;">, como la realización de </span><a href="http://www.blogger.com/wiki/Tomograf%C3%ADa" title="Tomografía"><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;">tomografías</span></a><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;"> y </span><a href="http://www.blogger.com/wiki/Radioterapia" title="Radioterapia"><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;">radioterapias</span></a><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;">. Sin embargo, como forma de </span><a href="http://www.blogger.com/wiki/Radiaci%C3%B3n_ionizante"><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;">radiación ionizante</span></a><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;">, tienen la habilidad de provocar cambios moleculares, pudiendo tener efectos </span><a class="mw-redirect" href="http://www.blogger.com/wiki/Cancer" title="Cancer"><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;">cancerígenos</span></a><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;"> si el </span><a class="mw-redirect" href="http://www.blogger.com/wiki/ADN" title="ADN"><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;">ADN</span></a><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;"> es afectado.</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;">A pesar de las propiedades cancerígenas, los rayos gamma también se utilizan para el </span><a href="http://www.blogger.com/wiki/Tratamiento"><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;">tratamiento</span></a><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;"> de ciertos tipos de cáncer. En el procedimiento llamado </span><a href="http://www.blogger.com/wiki/Cirug%C3%ADa"><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;">cirugía</span></a><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;"> <i>gamma-knife</i>, múltiples rayos concentrados de rayos gamma son dirigidos hacia </span><a href="http://www.blogger.com/wiki/C%C3%A9lula" title="Célula"><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;">células</span></a><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;"> cancerosas. Los rayos son emitidos desde distintos ángulos para focalizar la radiación en el </span><a href="http://www.blogger.com/wiki/Tumor"><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;">tumor</span></a><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;"> a la vez que se minimiza el daño a los tejidos de alrededor.</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;">Los rayos gamma también se utilizan en la </span><a href="http://www.blogger.com/wiki/Medicina_nuclear"><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;">medicina nuclear</span></a><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;"> para realizar </span><a href="http://www.blogger.com/wiki/Diagn%C3%B3stico" title="Diagnóstico"><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;">diagnósticos</span></a><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;">. Se utilizan muchos </span><a href="http://www.blogger.com/wiki/Radiois%C3%B3topo" title="Radioisótopo"><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;">radioisótopos</span></a><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;"> que emiten rayos gamma. Uno de ellos es el </span><a href="http://www.blogger.com/wiki/Tecnecio"><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;">tecnecio</span></a><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;">-99m. Cuando se le administra a un paciente, una </span><a href="http://www.blogger.com/wiki/C%C3%A1mara_gamma"><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;">cámara gamma</span></a><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;"> puede utilizar la radiación gamma emitida para obtener una imagen de la distribución del radioisótopo. Esta técnica se emplea en la diagnosis de un amplio espectro de </span><a href="http://www.blogger.com/wiki/Enfermedad" title="Enfermedad"><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;">enfermedades</span></a><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;">, por ejemplo, en la detección del cáncer de </span><a href="http://www.blogger.com/wiki/Hueso" title="Hueso"><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;">huesos</span></a><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;">.</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;">Los </span><a href="http://www.blogger.com/wiki/Detector" title="Detector"><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;">detectores</span></a><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;"> de rayos gamma se emplean a menudo en </span><a href="http://www.blogger.com/wiki/Pakist%C3%A1n"><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;">Pakistán</span></a><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;"> como parte del Container Security Initiative (Iniciativa de Seguridad en Contenedores de Carga, por sus siglas en inglés). Estas máquinas tiene por objetivo escanear los contenedores de </span><a href="http://www.blogger.com/wiki/Mercanc%C3%ADa"><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;">mercancía</span></a><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;"> que llegan vía </span><a href="http://www.blogger.com/wiki/Mar" title="Mar"><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;">marítima</span></a> <span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;"> antes de que entren a los puertos de </span><a class="mw-redirect" href="http://www.blogger.com/wiki/Estados_Unidos_de_Am%C3%A9rica" title="Estados Unidos de América"><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;">E.E.U.U</span></a><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;"> para prevenir el ingreso de artículos peligrosos, o carga no deseada; o la detección temprana de </span><a href="http://www.blogger.com/wiki/Bomba" title="Bomba"><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;">bombas</span></a><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;"> o </span><a href="http://www.blogger.com/wiki/Narc%C3%B3tico" title="Narcótico"><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;">narcóticos</span></a><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;"> en estos </span><a href="http://www.blogger.com/wiki/Contenedor" title="Contenedor"><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;">contenedores</span></a><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;">, con un valor aproximado de 5 millones de </span><a href="http://www.blogger.com/wiki/D%C3%B3lar_de_los_Estados_Unidos" title="Dólar de los Estados Unidos"><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;">dólares</span></a><span style="color: yellow; font-size: large;">, pueden escanear alrededor de 30 contenedores por hora</span></div>fuerzasfisicashttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09185406410571967234noreply@blogger.com0